The Antarctic Campaign is carried out annually at the Spanish Gabriel de Castilla Antarctic Base, located on Deception Island (South Shetland Islands Archipelago), as well as in other selected locations in the Antarctic territory, in support of the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and the Spanish Polar Committee (SPC) for the development of Antarctic research.

The Spanish Army installed the Gabriel de Castilla shelter during the 3rd Spanish Antarctic Campaign. The facility was opened on 20 December 1989 and ten years later became the Gabriel de Castilla Base. The base is named in honour of a Spanish admiral who sailed the Antarctic waters in 1603, reporting on his return sightings of immense snow-covered lands.

The purpose of the Antarctic mission is to strengthen Spain's presence in Antarctica in accordance with the commitments established in the Antarctic Treaty and the Madrid Protocol. The base provides essential support for Spanish and foreign researchers to carry out their work in optimal conditions.