El Real Decreto 404/2020, de 25 de febrero, establece que al Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación le corresponde la relación de la Administración con las Reales Academias, las Academias de ámbito nacional y el Instituto de España (IdeE).

Las Reales Academias son instituciones de carácter centenario que constituyen el más alto exponente del conocimiento y participan, de forma particular, en el fomento de la divulgación y de la cultura científica. De ellas se deduce un interés público de indudable importancia, además, de la consecución de diversos objetivos que son propios del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación: el desarrollo de la cultura, la educación, el conocimiento y la investigación. A razón de la diversa naturaleza de este conjunto de entidades, se consigue, además, que se traten de forma transversal una amplia variedad de materias.

De acuerdo con lo establecido en el Real Decreto 1160/2010, de 17 de septiembre, por el que se regula el Instituto de España, forman parte de este diversas Reales Academias, entre otras: Real Academia de la Historia; Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando; Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Real Academia de Ciencias Morales y Políticas; Real Academia Nacional de Medicina de España; Real Academia de Jurisprudencia y Legislación de España; Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia; Real Academia de Ingeniería, y Real Academia de Ciencias Económicas y Financieras. Formando estas parte del Instituto de España, resulta indudable la relación de dependencia directa que a su vez surge entre ellas y el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.

Instituto de España

El Instituto de España (IdeE) se constituyó como corporación nacional a título de máximo exponente de la cultura española en el orden académico, cuyo objeto era mantener y estrechar la fraternidad espiritual de las diez Reales Academias nacionales, auxiliándose y completándose entre sí para la mayor eficacia de sus tareas y actividades, formando la superior representación académica nacional en España y en el extranjero.

Spanish Royal Academy

The Spanish Royal Academy (RAE), founded in 1713, is an institution dedicated from its origins to knowledge of the Spanish language in all its fields and manifestations: its internal structure, its uses and rules, as well as its evolution and diversity. Since its inception, the RAE has been working to ensure the proper use and unity of the Spanish language, the common heritage of 580 million people around the world. Its authority has been granted by the Spanish speakers themselves, the true owners of the language, for more than 300 years.

The extensive editorial work of the RAE has always been based on the development of the three main codes that regulate the standard of a language: correct use of the lexicon, mastery of grammatical rules and correct writing.

Royal Academy of History

Institution dedicated, fundamentally, to the study and research of the History of Spain, Latin America and the Hispanic Far East, and to the dissemination, promotion and cultural dissemination of such knowledge through an extensive programme of publications, electronic projects, cataloguing and digitisation work, ongoing preparation of studies and reports, as well as cycles of conferences, exhibitions, guided visits and history workshops for teachers at different levels. It also preserves a very important bibliographic, artistic and cultural heritage open to the scientific community. 

San Fernando Royal Academy of Fine Arts 

This academy promotes artistic creation, as well as the study, dissemination and protection of the arts and cultural heritage. It has one of the most important museums in Spain and one of the three European chalcography museums. 

Royal Academy of Exact, Physical and Natural Sciences

Institution that encourages the study, research and social dissemination of the Mathematical, Physical, Chemical, Geological and Biological Sciences, and their applications, and also promotes support for them. It has a library with a collection of over 27,000 volumes. 

Royal Academy of Moral and Political Sciences

Forum for social, economic, philosophical, political and legal knowledge. A space for debate, a centre for the dissemination of knowledge and a laboratory for research and criticism.

Spanish National Royal Academy of Medicine

Institution committed to progress, research, teaching and greater knowledge of medicine, health and health care. It encourages and promotes scientific meetings and produces publications related to medical science, in particular an online Dictionary of Medical Terms, which is freely accessible. It houses a Medical Library specialising in medical collections from the 18th and 19th centuries, an extensive Image Bank and a Museum of Medicine with temporary exhibitions. 

Spanish Royal Academy of Case Law and Legislation

The research and cultivation of Law and related sciences and contributing to the improvement of legislation are its main objectives.

National Royal Academy of Pharmacy

Promotes research and study of Pharmaceutical Sciences and related fields. It also provides advice to public and private institutions on all matters relating to pharmaceutical science, medicines and health promotion.

Royal Academy of Engineering

Institution that promotes the excellence, quality and competence of Spanish engineering in its various disciplines and fields of action. It provides strategic advice on matters related to engineering and closely related areas such as digitalisation, industrialisation, climate change, the environment, energy, innovation, entrepreneurship, language as a vehicle for the dissemination of Spanish engineering and education. It is an academy oriented towards the creation of value for Spanish society through its service to institutions, universities and companies.

Royal Academy of Economic and Financial Sciences

A scientific and technical corporation whose objective is the research, study and promotion of economic and financial sciences, through the research work channelled by its "Observatory of Economic and Financial Research", the international collaboration carried out by its "Barcelona Economics Network" and the dissemination of its publications through International Research Book Day.

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